Body and fender hammer



June 1942- F. H. BORM BODY AND FENDER HAMMER Fil ed Nov. 25, 1938 s Sheets-Sheet 1 June 2, 1942. F. H. BORM 'BbDY AND FENDER HAMMER Filed Nov. 25, 1938 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 hn w. P1,. V

uses: a am 3 d F. H. oRM 2,285;005

BODY AND FENDER HAMMER Filed NOV. 25, 1938 sheetssheet lllll m l 4 .Frd'rrarzdlfi m Patented June 2, 1942 UNIT ED STATES PATENT OFFECE 2,285,005 BODY AND FENDERHAMMER Ferdinand H. Borm,1Elgi n, 111. Application November 25, 1938, Serial No. 242,217

15 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in body and fender hammers and the like and more particularly to pivotal construction connecting the hammer head and the sleeve member by means of which these parts are attached to a holding or operating frame. a

A further object of the invention is an improved valve' operating mechanism incorporated in the hammer head and employing a volume control valve for the compressed air admitted to the hammer head, an operating valve interposed for continued operation of the hammer after application to the work and subsequent to control or regulation of the volume of compressed air to be admitted by means of the volume control valve.

7 An additional object resides in the provision of an improved form of the die holder tending to facilitate engagement and disengagement with the work.

In devices of this character, an important consideration is an efiicient type of swivel connection by means of which the hammer head may be swung into an open position suflicient to enable the device to be passed over various portions of an automobile part or the like to be repaired. The repair generally consists in the smoothing or ironing of dented or crumpled fenders, automobile body portions and similar parts which have been damaged. A hammer head and sleeve memnarrow die holder, whiohincreases the facility.

with which the entire device is brought into and removed from engagement with part to be operated upon. Preferably there are supplied a number of supports for engagement with different shapes of parts to be repaired, and similarly there are supplied or employed different sizes and shapes of detachable dies for support in the di holder aflixed to the frame member.

These and other objects of the invention will appear from the specifications hereinafter set forth.

The invention may be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification and in which: I

Fig. 1 is a side elevational View of a complete device showing the parts in operative position,

with the hammer head and connected sleeve member attached to one type of holding frame upon which the die holder is mounted on the opposite side of the work from the hammer head, and showing the hammer head in dotted lines in disengaged position; I

Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken substantially on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view, upon an increased scale, taken substantially on the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged side elevational view of the hammer head and die holder, similar to Fig. 1, but with certain operating parts shown in vertical longitudinal section, and also showing in dotted lines the hammer head swung into disengaging position by means of the pivot connection between the hammer head and the sleeve therefor; a

Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken substantially on the lines 5-!) of Figs. 2 and 4;

Fig. 6 is a detailed sectional View of the volume control valve for the air supply taken substantially on the line 66 of Fig. 2; i

Fig. '7 is a detailed sectional view of the locking mechanism which operates in conjunction with the swivel connection of the hammer head, showing the parts in locked position and with the hammer head in operative engagement as shown in full line in Figs. 1 and 4, taken substantially on the line 'l-lof Fig. 4;

Fig, 8 is a sectional view identical with Fig. '7, except that the parts are moved into disengaging or 'unlock-ingposition;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view similar to Figs. '7 and 8 with the hammer head swung into unlocked position or to the left, as shown in dotted lines in Figs. -1 and 4;

Fig. 10 is a plan view showing the hammer head casting and the sleeve member for the hammer head disengaged.

N Fig. 11 is a side view of the hammer head shell or cylinder and connected sleeve, partlybroken away and in section, showing the swivel connection between the hammer head and the sleeve member; 7 I

Fig. 12 is a View of the hammer head sleeve member partly in section, showing the openings or. bores zfo'r the swivel connection, the locking engagement and the clamping connection;

Fig. 13 is an endview of the sleeve mem'oe taken on the line 13-43 of Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a plan View of the main portion of the hammer head, partly in section, showing the valve locking device maintaining the operating valve lever in open position;

Fig. 15 is a view, partly broken away, showing a modified form of holding frame with the die holder connected thereto and a die retained in the die holder;

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary view similar to Fig. 2 illustrating a modified form of a device for looking the trigger valve arm 82 in open position; and

Fig. 17 is a horizontal sectional view taken substantially on the line of Fig. 16.

As illustrated in the drawings, the preferred embodiment of the device comprises a holding frame 28 which may be formed of steel bar or tubing and adapted to straddle a part for working engagement or operation, such as a dented or crumpled automobile fender or body' portion.

within a bore 23 of the die holder and secured thereto by a locking pin 24. The die holder is preferably of narrow or shallow construction to facilitate engagement with the parts to be operated upon and is'provided with an angular socket 25 for supporting a removable die or anvil member 26 having a curved upper surface 21 and an angular lower extension or shank 28 for reception within angular socket 25, as shown more particularly in Figs. 1 and 4.

The opposite end of the holding frame 20, as shown in Figs. 1 and 15, is provided with a reduced portion 29 and shoulder 3|], the reduced portion being received within sleeve member 3| in bore 32, said sleeve being provided with a slotted portion 33 and an enlarged portion 34 perforated to receive a clamp screw 35. This construction and arrangement enables the hammer head and connected sleeve to be conveniently attached to interchangeable forms of holding frames. Sleeve member 3| has a flattened or narrowed extension 36, one side of which provides a face 31, and said narrow extension also has a bore 38 for the reception of a pivot pin or bolt 45, and a locking socket 39 is adapted to receive and cooperate with a locking member, as presently explained.

The hammer head 49 may be provided with lateral wing extensions 4| and 42, as clearly shown in Figs. 3, 10 and 14, with a space 43 therebetween to receive the narrowed extension 36 of sleeve member 3|. The wing members 4| and 42 are bored at 44 to receive a horizontal pivot member near the top or upper end of the hammer head, preferably in the form of a cap bolt 45 for pivotal mounting of the entire hammer head 48 upon the sleeve member 3| for vertical movement or adjustment outwardly swinging in the plane of the frame 28, the cap bolt having a lock nut 46 for maintaining proper tension and frictional engagement between the wing extensions 4| and 42 upon the narrow extension 36 of sleeve member 3|.

As shown in Figs. '7, 8 and 9, the hammer head 48 on one wing extension or jaw 42 is preferably provided with a lateral projection 41 adapted to serve as a housing for releasing mechanism to disengage a locking operation or device between the hammer head and the sleeve member. For this purpose there is provided a transverse bore 48 in projection and there is mounted within socket 39 a locking cup or plunger 49 arranged for transverse movement within bores 39 and 48. Looking cup 49 encloses a compression spring 58, tending to urge the cup against wing extension 42. Thus it will be seen that when looking cup 49 is extended within bore 48 the hammer head and sleeve member are locked and maintained in operating position.

Releasing of the locking device in the preferred embodiment disclosed is accomplished by means of a roller member 5|, which may be a ball bearing inserted within a transverse bore in line with bore 48 closed by a retaining plug 52. This portion of the mechanism has a vertical bore 53 in the lateral projection 41 within which there is mounted a releasing plunger 54 having a manually operable cap 55 and an interposed spring 56. The opposite end of plunger 54 has a cam or beveledsurface 51 which, as clearly shown. in Fig. 7, is adapted to engage the roller member 5|, forcing locking cup 49 within sleeve extension 36 and permitting the hammer head 48 to be swung to disengaging position, as shown by a dotted line in Fig. 4. When this action occurs, the parts assume the position shown in Fig. 9 wherein the locking cup 49 rides or slides upon the inner surface of wing extension 42 and this relationship continues until the hammer head 40 is returned to vertical operating position bringing bores 39 and 48 into aligmnent, whereupon spring 50 forces the cup member 49 into bore 48. The releasing plunger 54 may be provided with a groove 58 within which is projected a retaining pin 59 to prevent displacement and turning of the plunger and insure that the cam surface 5'1 will be in alignment with roller member 5|.

An air supply conduit 60 may be connected to a valve assembly 6| on the hammer head 40 and, as clearly shown in Fig. 5, this connection is preferably to a compressed air receiving hood 62 by means of union 63 on air hose 60, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5. This construction provides an air receiving chamber 64 and an air channel 65 leading from and connecting the main air supply inlet and a volume control valve 66.

As shown in detail in Fig. 6, the volume control valve 66 is provided with a stem 61, a convex extremity 68 adapted to form sealing contact with concave seat 69, and precise control of the air supply is carried on by means of threaded portion 10 and knurled operating disc or head II, the stem portion of the control valve being threaded within a sleeve member 72.

As shown in Fig. 3, an air channel 13 leads from the volume control valve to operating valve 14 which may consist of an operating valve head or stem 15 and a valve stem cap 16 adapted to be closed by engagement with valve seat 11. This operating valve also has a packing sleeve member 18 and the valve is normally urged to closed position by valve closing spring 19 between member 18 and head or cap 16. Air channel leads from operating valve 14 to the hammer cylinder, and in the assembly there is provided a depending boss 8| adapted to serve as a mounting for an angular operating valve lever 82 by means of pivot pin connection 83. The lower extremity of Valve lever 82 has a horizontal inwardly extending forked portion 84 for engagement with the lower end of operating valve stem 15, this engagement being completed by nut' 85. Operating valve 14 or lever 82 thereof has an upwardly extending manually operable portion, lever or finger piece 86 which, as shown in Fig. 4, is conveniently mounted to serve as a trigger valve. Extension 86 has preferably mounted thereon a leaf spring 8! disposed to bear against the body portion ofthe hammer head and force lever 82 outwardly to normally close valve 14 or valve head 16 against the seat 11.

After the device has been brought into operating engagement it is often desirable to maintain the operating valve in open position, and there is provided a locking device 88 for engagement with extension 86. The locking device 88 may be conveniently mounted on a boss 89 provided on the hammer head 40, the boss having a bore 90 to receive threaded stem SI of adjusting screw 92. The boss portion 89 is also preferably provided with angular grooves 93 adapted to receive ridges 9 1 on the locking member 38. Spring 95 serves to urge locking member 88 inwardly and the engaging extension 9%: of the locking member has a rounded camming surface 91 for engagement with extension iifi. The ridges and grooves mentioned are preferably arranged to maintain the locking device either in parallel position with the hammer head, 'as shown in Fig. 4, or at right angles to engage the valve operating lever, as shown in Fig. 14.

The hammer mechanism per se is of the conventional type and comprises an upper enlarged bore 98 in the hammer cylinder, a reduced central bore 99 and a striker I having mounted thereon a striker head lfil secured by set screws ")2 extending within shank portion 33 of the striker member. Striker It)?! also has an upper enlarged portion Hi4 and a central bore I05. There are also provided air inlet ports me and exhaust ports I97, the hammer head assembly be-- ing completed by threaded plug I68 on the hammer cylinder.

The lower portion of the hammer head is preferably bifurcated, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3,

to provide pressing extensions on the skirt of the hammer head for contact with the material being operated upon. In bringing the device into engagement, the hammer head is swung outwardly in the plane of th holding frame member after disengaging the locking device by pressure on the plunger 54 as seen in Fig. 8 and by forcing the frame member in the direction of the work the hammer head is conveniently snapped into operating position and held by releasing pressure on the plunger 54. As stated, the device is equipped with the required number of removable dies 26 to accommodate any character of work encountered, and in some instances a narrow die operates more effectively by having the longitudinal portion thereof directly opposite the spaces in the skirted portion of the hammer head. The holding frame is practically rigid, but by reason of its length and bowed shape a certain degree of tension or resiliency is maintained. By using a die holder, as shown in Fig. 4, it is possible to repair automobile fenders, for example, without the removal of either the tire or wheel. The volume control valve 68 has been found to be of importance and tends to improve operation by reason of the various types and thicknesses of metal to be operated upon.

The method of operation will be mainly understood from the foregoing description of construction. Before the device is applied to the dented or damaged parts to be restored to their original condition, the hammer head is swung outwardly by releasing the locking device on the swivel connection. Thereupon, the bowed frame member embraces the work. By bringing the lower portion of the hammer head into contact with the upper surface of the parts to be worked upon, it is merely necessary to employ the frame member as a holder for the entire device and by forcing this member the hammer head is locked into operating position with the reciprocating striker in alignment with the die supported by the die holder. The amount of compressed air admitted depends upon the character of the work andthe force of impact of the striker. This may be adjusted from time to time by manipulation of the volume control valve, after which the operation is controlled by the operating Valve and for convenience in manipulating and guiding the device upon the work the operating valve may be temporarily maintained in an open position by means of the operating valve locking device. Upon completion of an operation the hammer head is released by manual depression of the releasing plunger 54, swung outwardly and the device removed from the work. The kind of work dictates the selection of a frame member for proper cooperation with the hammer head. For instance, the frame member shown in outline in Fig. 15 has a downwardly extending portion in advance of theparts requiring repair, and in different uses the socket of the die holder is preferably on the top rather than on the side.

In Figs. 16 and 17, there is shown a modified or alternative form of devicefor locking the trigger valve depressed and in open position. In the embodiment of this type of locking means, the body portion 40 has a rectangular recess I69 to accommodate a slidable locking plate I H]. Locking plate vHi! is slidably mounted in the recess Hi9 and is provided with an elongated slot III.

A stud screw H2 extends through slot HI to maintain plate 1 EU, said stud screw having a head H3 which extends beyond both edges of slot I ll. Locking plate I ID has integral therewith a curved camming or hooked portion I I4 provided for the purpose of forcing the trigger valve lever 86 into depressed or open position as shown in Fig. 1'7 or releasing the same for assuming an open position under the action of the spring 81.

For convenience in manipulating the slidable locking member, there is provided an offset portion H5. Referring to Fig. 17 the locking plate I I9 is shown shifted to the right with hook portion H4 engaging and holding extension arm of the operating or trigger valve in depressed position whereby the air valve is held opened. Movement of the plate II!) to the left will release the arm 86 and permit the valve to close.

While I have illustrated and described the preferred form of construction for carrying my invention into effect, this is capable of variation and modification without departing from the spirit of the invention. I, therefore, do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction set forth, but desire to avail myself of such variations and modifications as come within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In air hammer means, a frame member, a sleeve member rigidly mounted upon said frame member, a hammer head pivotally connected to said sleeve member at the free end of the latter adjacent the top and one side of the hammer head, said hammer head and sleeve member having cO-acting interfitting jaws through which the pivotal connection is made, means carried by and coacting between the jaws for locking said hammer head in operative position including means movable to overlie said jaws to prevent pivotal movement thereof relatively, and a die member upon the opposite end of said frame member and adapted to cooperate with the hammer head mechanism, said locking means including releasing mechanism for disengagement thereof to move said locking means into one of the jaws whereby they may be turned relatively.

2. In air hammer means, a hammer head including a hammer cylinder, a striker reciprocable in said cylinder, a sleeve pivotally connected to said hammer head, valve means mounted upon said hammer head, a die, a frame member having one end connected to said sleeve and the opposite end connected to said die, and mechanism mounted upon said hammer head for locking said head in operative position relative to said sleeve and said die, comprising interfitting jaws pivotally connected, one jaw having a socket and the other jaw having a socket aligned therewith, a roller in the latter socket, a spring pressed plunger in the first socket to project into both of said sockets and a plunger having a camming surface acting on the roller to depress the plunger into one of the sockets.

3. In an air hammer of the character described, a hammer head including a hammer cylinder, a striker operable in said cylinder, a frame member, a sleeve rigid on one end of the frame and pivotally connected to the hammer head adjacent one side of the cylinder, a depressible air valve at the bottom, a trigger lever pivoted at one side and engaging the valve for opening and closing said air valve, and a locking deviceslidably mounted for movement in a plane parallel with and on one side of the hammer cylinder and frame having an extension adapted for engaging on the outside of the trigger lever to depress said trigger lever to maintain said valve in open position.

4. In an air hammer of the character described, a frame, a sleeve on the frame having an extension, a hammer head having an extension pivoted to the aforesaid extension, an air valve, a trigger lever for opening and closing said air valve, and a locking device pivotally mounted at one end on one side of the hammer head having an extension adapted for engaging on the outside of said trigger lever to depress said trigger lever to maintain said valve in open position.

5. In a fluid hammer of the character described, a hammer head including a hammer cylinder, a striker reciprocable in said cylinder, a transverse fluid pressure passageway having an upwardly extending inlet leading to said cylinder, a quick opening upwardly seating valve adapted to control the fluid inlet, means at one side of the hammer adapted to be moved inwardly for unseating said valve to open said inlet and a second valve threaded in the passageway regulating the flow through said passageway to the first valve and adapted to maintain any position to which it may be adjusted to vary the extent of valve opening.

6. A fluid pressure device comprising a hammer head including a cylinder, a striker reciprocable in said cylinder, an air supply extending into the back of the hammer, a transverse passage for fluid pressure, a control valve in the passage, a vertically extending passage leading from the first passage and into the cylinder and an operating valve in the latter passage and having an angular operating lever at one side of the cylinder with a horizontal portion engaging the lower end of the Valve for depressing the latter upon moving the lever inwardly.

7. In air hammer means, a hammer head including a hammer cylinder, a striker reciprocable in said cylinder, a sleeve pivotally connected to said hammer head, valve means mountedlupon said hammer head, a die, a frame member having one end connected to said sleeve and the opposite end connected to said die, and mechanism mounted upon said hammer head for locking said head in an operative position relative to said sleeve and said die, comprising jaws pivotally connected, one jaw having a transverse socket and the other jaw having a transverse socket aligned therewith, a ball in one socket, a plunger in the other socket to over-lie both and means to shift the ball to dispose the plunger in one socket only, whereby the jaws may be pivoted relatively.

8. In a body and fender hammer, a frame having an upwardly curved portion extended horizontally forwardly at its end, a die rigid with said end, a horizontal sleeve rigid on the other end of the frame, a power hammer having a head pivoted transversely and horizontally to the sleeve near the upper end of the hammer and extending downwardly adjacent the die to swing in a plane parallel to the frame, means for actuating the hammer by fluid pressure, means for controlling said fluid pressure to the hammer, means for interengaging the hammer head and sleeve to hold the hammer head rigid toward the die, and means carried at one side of and movable parallel to the frame to release said holding means.

9. In air hammer means, a hammer head including a hammer cylinder, a striker in said cylinder, a sleeve, jaws on the cylinder and sleeve pivotally connected near the upper end of said hammer head, valve means mounted upon said hammer head, a die, a frame member having a top portion horizontally disposed and rigidly connected to said sleeve and the opposite end connected to said die, spring pressed mechanism coacting between the jaws and positioned between the pivot and sleeve for normally locking said jaws together and head in operative position relative to said sleeve and said die, and means carried by one jaw for disengaging said locking mechanism.

10. In air hammer means, a hammer head including a hammer cylinder, a striker operable in said cylinder, a sleeve pivotally connected to said hammer head so that the latter may be swung outwardly, upwardly and downwardly to a vertical position, valve means mounted upon said hammer head, a die, a frame member having one end connected to said sleeve and the opposite end connected to said die, mechanism mounted upon said hammer head for locking said head in operative position against pivotal movement relative to said sleeve and said die, said mechanism coacting between the head and sleeve to frictionally hold said head in a raised or intermediate position, said valve means including a volume control valve and an operating valve, and a retaining device for said operating valve.

11. A fluid pressure device comprising a hammer head, an air supply for operating the hammer, said hammer having a transverse passage connected to the air supply at one end with an interposed enlarged air receiving chamber, a control valve for the passage, a vertical passage extending from the other end of the first passage into the hammer for actuating the latter and having a seat near the top, a valve in the latter passage cooperating with the seat and means at one side of the cylinder for depressing the valve.

12. In air hammer means, a hammer cylinder, a striker reciprocable in said cylinder, and an air valve assembly including an air supply having a transverse passage with an upwardly extending inlet to the cylinder, an air volume control valve in the passage, an upwardly seating operating valve for the inlet, means normally seating the operating valve and means at one side of the hammer to unseat the operating valve from beneath and hold it unseated.

13. In air hammer means, a hammer cylinder, a striker reciprocable in said cylinder, an air supply having a passage with an inlet to the cylinder, an air volume control valve, a downwardly opening Vertical operating valve for the inlet from the passage to the cylinder and having a stem projectingat its lower end and an operating lever at one side of the hammer with a portion engaging said lower end projection to move and open the operating valve downwardly by lateral inward pressure on the lever.

14, In air hammer means, a hammer cylinder, a striker reciprocable in said cylinder, an air supply having a passage with an inlet to the cylinder, an air volume control valve, a vertical operating valve for the inlet from the passage to the cylinder projecting at the. bottom and adapted to be depressed downwardly to unseat the same, an operating lever at one side of the hammer with a portion extending inwardly for engaging said bottom projection, an adjustable member on said projection for engagement by said inwardly extending portion to depress the valve and a locking device for said operating valve, said locking device comprising a spring pressed member having a camming portion to move into the path of the lever for holding the same in and the operating valve openand out of the path of the lever for releasing it.

15. In air hammer means, a hammer head including a hammer cylinder, a striker in said cylinder, a sleeve, jaws on the cylinder and sleeve pivotally connected transversely, a die, a frame member having a top portion rigidly connected at its free end to the sleeve and the opposite end connected to said die, means adapted to extend across certain of the jaws for normally locking the jaws together and the head in operative position relative to the sleeve and die, and means to move the locking means into one jaw to permit relative pivoting of the jaws under friction of the locking means against the face of the other jaw, said friction holding said head in a raised position.

FERDINAND H. BORM. 

